Document Type
Article
Publication Date
2026
Publication
Howard Human & Civil Rights Law Review
Volume
10
Abbreviation
How. Hum. & C.R. L. Rev.
First Page
1
Abstract
Part I of this Article provides a detailed description of the origins of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). Part II describes its transformation from a sleepy trade bloc to a dynamic peace and security and human rights enforcement institution. Part III examines arguments about whether ECOWAS’s aggressive human rights enforcement is or is not legal under international law. Part IV summarizes developments in West Africa after ECOWAS created its robust peace and security and human rights enforcement architecture, concluding that, until the recent crisis in the Sahel States, it has been extremely effective despite the scant resources. The Article concludes by arguing that the United States, and more broadly the Global North, should bet on the success of ECOWAS by investing in ECOWAS and counting on it to lead efforts to enhance safety and security in a tumultuous region.